Pharmaceutical industry
The most important use of trifluoroethanol is as an anesthetic. The first use of fluoroacetylene ether synthesized from trifluoroethanol and acetylene to replace bromofluoroalkane with greater side effects as an anesthetic, and then to use trichloroethanol as raw material to develop non-flammable, Low toxicity isoflurane and high performance novel anesthetic agent dechlorofluoroalkane. Trifluoroethanol can introduce trifluoromethyl as a functional group into the structure of the drug, so that it can produce obvious physiological activity, increase the lipid solubility of the molecule, improve the efficacy or reduce the toxic and side effects of the organism. Mainly include the central nervous system stimulant flutir, substituted pyridine parietal cell proton pump blockers Lansoprazole and Pariprazole, etc., antiarrhythmic drug flecainide and analgesic drug benzodiazepine and dysuria treatment drug KMD- 3212 et al.
Dye industry
In dye synthesis, the introduction of CF3CH2O- in trifluoroethanol into phthalocyanine can increase its solubility and inhibit intermolecular polymerization. In addition, the introduction of CF3CH2O- and CF3- into some dye molecules can significantly improve the light resistance, weather resistance and chemical stability of the dyes.
As a reaction aid
Trifluoroethanol is a strong acid alcohol with strong hydrogen bonding ability and is miscible with organic systems, so it can be used as a catalyst, solvent and acylating agent in chemical synthesis. In the solid-phase synthesis of dihydropyrimidone and pyrimidone acid heterocyclic compounds from propionic acid resin, trifluoroethanol is used to introduce an easily deprotected group -OCH2CF3, which is beneficial to ring formation. -OCH2CF3 has been used in many organic synthesis reactions as an easily removable group, and trifluoroethanol can also be used as a ligand synthesis catalyst. Trifluoroethanol can dissolve oxygen-containing compounds such as water, alcohol, and ketone, and aromatic compounds such as benzene and toluene, and can dissolve various polymer resins. In the reaction, trifluoroethanol acts as a non-nucleophilic ionic solvent and can be used as a protective group for carboxylic acid; due to its low nucleophilicity and stability, trifluoroethanol is also used in some fluorination reactions and nucleophilic polymers such as polyoxymethylene It is an excellent solvent for polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, etc.; other polyolefins are polymerized with trichloroethanol as a solvent, which can obtain higher yield and reaction rate, and can greatly improve the stereoregularity of the polymer and improve the polymer performance; trifluoroethanol is often used as a solvent in some ionic reactions and electrochemical reactions. In view of the excellent solubility and high purity of trifluoroethanol, its use as a separation solvent for high performance liquid chromatography and a chromatographic separation solvent for chiral compounds is currently being developed. The enzymatic reaction using an organic solvent is different from the enzymatic reaction using an aqueous solution, a reversible reaction can occur, and the post-treatment is easy to attract attention. Acylation is often used for the acylation of alcohols and amines because of its ability to optically resolve and protect functional groups. Trichloroethanol is an alcohol with a lower nucleophilicity. It lacks reactivity to generate trifluoroethanol in the transesterification reaction, and the hydroxyl group on the other side of the reversible reaction can be acylated in one direction, so trifluoroethanol has begun It is widely used in the position-selective acylation of optically active alcohols and steroids, the optical resolution of amines and the synthesis of optically active pharmaceuticals.
As a solvent
Trifluoroethanol can dissolve oxygen-containing compounds such as alcohols and ketones and aromatic compounds such as benzene and toluene, and can dissolve various polymer resins. As a non-nucleophilic ionic solvent in the reaction, trifluoroethanol can be used as a protective group for carboxylic acid; due to its low nucleophilicity and stability, trifluoroethanol is also an excellent solvent for some fluorination reactions and nucleophilic polymers , such as polyoxymethylene, polyamide and polyacrylonitrile; other polyolefins are polymerized with trifluoroethanol as a solvent, which can obtain higher yield and reaction rate, and can greatly improve the stereoregularity of the polymer and improve the polymer Trifluoroethanol is often used as a solvent in some ionic reactions and electrochemical reactions; recently, in view of its excellent solubility and high purity, trifluoroethanol is being developed as a separation solvent and chiral compounds in high performance liquid chromatography chromatographic separation of solvents. Trifluoroethanol is used as a solvent in organic chemistry. Oxidation of sulfur compounds with hydrogen peroxide often uses TFE as a solvent. In biology, TFE can be used as a co-solvent when studying protein folding with NMR spectroscopy. This solvent effectively dissolves peptides and proteins. At certain concentrations, TFE can strongly affect the three-dimensional structure of proteins. Industrially, trifluoroethanol is a solvent used in the production of nylon and pharmaceuticals.
energy field
Due to its strong thermal stability and good kinetic properties, trifluoroethanol was originally only used in some heat recovery systems. Due to its zero damage coefficient to the ozone layer, global environmental issues and energy conservation issues have been paid more and more attention. Trifluoroethanol can replace Freon in the future, so its importance in these fields has been re-evaluated and recognized. At present, the mixture of trifluoroethanol and water is used as the working medium of the Rankine cycle of waste heat recovery power generation system for waste heat recovery power generation system. There is great potential in system working fluids. In addition, people take advantage of the characteristic that trifluoroethanol and amide compounds can generate a large amount of heat of dissolution when mixed with cyclic amide compounds such as trifluoroethanol and N-methylpyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylimidazolidinone. Compared with the existing chemical heat pump, it does not freeze at low temperature, the equipment is compact, and the energy efficiency of cooling and heating High, industrial and civil prospects are promising.
Synthetic material field
The traditional phosphazene rubber was unstable, and was later stabilized by replacing it with a variety of different fluorine-containing alcohols to prepare polyfluoroalcohol-substituted phosphazene rubber. Used in aerospace, electrical and electronic fields. In recent years, the research on fluorophosphazene rubber has gradually increased, introducing vinyl groups, imparting cross-linking curability, and introducing bulky modifying groups for resin moldability and resin surface modification, so that they can be used in coatings, adhesives, and filler materials. , sealing materials and electronic materials. Trichloroethanol is esterified with methacrylate to obtain trifluoroethanol methyl methacrylate. Compared with methyl methacrylate, it has better polymerizability and is easy to mix with other acrylates, styrene, acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, etc. Copolymerization, because of the trifluoromethyl group, the polymer has good compatibility, surface properties, optical properties, gas permeability, electrical properties, low water absorption, and has good properties in the modification of resin functionality. Development prospects, widely used in coatings, optical information transmission, information chemicals, printed circuits, photoresist materials and other fields. In addition, in polyester synthesis, the introduction of -OCH2CF3 can improve the equilibrium constant and obtain polyester with desired molecular weight.
Field of organic synthesis
As an important basic organic fluoride, trifluoroethanol is more and more widely used in organic synthesis. Trifluoroacetaldehyde synthesized from trifluoroethanol is a typical fluorine-containing aldehyde, which is mainly used in industries such as synthetic resin, high polymer, rubber, paint, medicine and agricultural pesticides. The trifluoroacetal acetal synthesized by the electrochemical method can replace trifluoroacetaldehyde as a trifluoromethyl reagent for the synthesis of 1-furan-2,2,2-trifluoroethanol. In order to overcome the complexity and danger in the synthesis of traditional fluorobenzene and its derivatives, diazonium salts can be hydrolyzed in trifluoroethanol to obtain fluorobenzene in a certain yield; trichloroethanol and triphenylphosphonium dibromide are synthesized Ph3P(OCH2CF3)2 is an intermediate with great potential in organic synthesis; fluorine-containing allyl alcohol synthesized from trichloroethanol can further synthesize many compounds containing -CF3 groups; Alkenyl ethers, etc. can be synthesized by diene to obtain mono- or di-fluorine substituted cyclic compounds, and trifluoroethanol can also react with trinitrobenzene or benzonitrile to form nitrobenzene substituted by trifluoroethoxy, such as 3 – Nitrogen-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)benzonitrile, etc.
Other aspects
In the pesticide industry, trifluoroethanol can be used to synthesize herbicides such as trifluorothiomethyl. In addition, trifluoroethanol has many uses, most notably on proteins and enzymes. The unique physicochemical properties of trifluoroethanol can convert peptides into stable α-helical structures and denature natural proteins. This effect of trifluoroethanol can inhibit chemical reactions such as deamination or racemization of peptides , thus playing the role of stabilizing peptides, making it possible for some biological products to become commercial products; trifluoroethanol can effectively prevent the accumulation and inactivation of proteins in reversed-phase columns; the mixed system of trifluoroethanol and water is used in the capillary electrophoresis of peptides Separation method can significantly improve the separation efficiency.
