Cordyceps Sinensis Powder

Nucleoside compounds are one of the main active ingredients of fermented Cordyceps Sinensis Powder. They are water-soluble ingredients and have therapeutic effects of improving immunity, anti-oxidation, anti-tumor and anti-cancer. Impact. The nucleoside substances in the fermented Cordyceps fungus powder mainly include 13 kinds of adenosine, uridine, and guanosine, while cordycepin was only found in artificial Cordyceps from Hebei and Hong Kong; The main nucleoside compounds in Cordyceps powder are generally used as the target components to be determined in the quality evaluation of fermented Cordyceps powder. According to literature reports, the content of adenosine, uridine, guanosine, adenine and uracil in fermented Cordyceps Sinensis Powder is higher than that in natural Cordyceps sinensis, but the content of inosine is far lower than that in natural Cordyceps sinensis. Through data analysis software Cluster analysis in SPSS found that adenosine and inosine are the characteristic nucleoside components that distinguish natural and artificial Cordyceps sinensis. The above is the difference between artificial Cordyceps and natural Cordyceps. In determining the content of nucleosides in 4 kinds of fermented Cordyceps preparations including Jinshuibao, in addition to confirming the above point of view, it was also found that the content of the main three nucleoside compounds in Ningxinbao capsules was the highest; the content of Jinshuibao capsules was slightly lower than that of Xinganbao capsules, Bailing Capsules had the lowest content, but had two unique chromatographic peaks.

Mannitol is a flavor component that exists in the fruiting bodies of common mushrooms and is one of the quality control indicators for certain Cordyceps Sinensis Powder. Mannitol is not metabolized in the body and is rarely reabsorbed in the renal tubules after glomerular filtration, which has an osmotic diuretic effect. The content of mannitol in Cordyceps powder is 16.58%. The content of mannitol varies according to the place of origin of Cordyceps, and generally ranges from 2.9% to 8.5%. The content in mycelium is higher than that in fruiting bodies. Among the four artificial Cordyceps preparations, the mannitol content in Bailing Capsules is the highest, but only 6.83%, followed by Xinganbao Capsules, and the lowest in Ningxinbao Capsules (only 2/5 of Bailing Capsules, 2.70%) , although the mannitol content of Jinshuibao Capsules fluctuates due to different batch numbers, they are all higher than that in Ningxinbao Capsules; after sorting out the literature, it is found that the mannitol content in natural Cordyceps in different regions is relatively close, all higher than that in Ningxinbao Capsules Artificial Cordyceps.

Ergosterol is a unique component of fungal biofilm, an important precursor of vitamin D2, and has important medicinal value. In Cordyceps, sterols exist in free and combined forms. The content of ergosterol in different Cordyceps is different, generally 1.0-6.75mg·g-1, and the content of free ergosterol is significantly lower than that in natural Cordyceps (natural Cordyceps is as high as 11%, as low as 3.7%, artificial Cordyceps are both less than 1.5%); the content of free ergosterol in natural Cordyceps sinensis from different sources is significantly different, therefore, its content should be used as one of the important quality control indicators of Cordyceps sinensis. The content of ergosterol in Cordyceps sinensis powder is 1.38mg·g-1, and the content of free ergosterol is 0.54mg·g-1. Among the five fermented Cordyceps Sinensis Powder preparations, the content of ergosterol in Bailing Capsules is the highest, at 6.06- 6.10mg·g-1, 3.45—3.87mg·g-1 for Jinshuibao Capsules, 3.47—4.42mg·g-1 for Xinganbao Capsules, 2.51—3.93mg·g-1 for Ningxinbao Capsules, and 2.51—3.93mg·g-1 for Zhiling Capsules It is 2.48-4.61mg·g-1. From the above data, we can see that except for Bailing Capsules, the range of ergosterol content in the other four capsules has a certain crossover, and the difference is not obvious.

Amino acids are essential nutrients for the growth and development of the body. The amino acid in Cordyceps is very rich, which is one of the material basis of strong nourishing effect. After reviewing the literature, both the natural Cordyceps and the artificial Cordyceps contain 17 kinds of amino acids, at least 7 kinds of essential amino acids, and the amino acids with the highest content vary with different strains, including glutamic acid, proline, and arginine. Acid and proline rank first. The various amino acids contained in wild Cordyceps are present in the fruiting body and mycelium of artificially cultivated Cordyceps; the content of arginine and proline in the latter is significantly higher than that of wild Cordyceps; the solid medium for cultivating strains , fruiting bodies and mycelia all contain 17 kinds of amino acids, which may be an entry point to make full use of Cordyceps resources. The total amino acid contents in Bailing Capsules, Jinshuibao Capsules, Xinganbao Capsules and Ningxinbao Capsules are 31.27%, 25.84%, 27.50% and 31.97%, respectively, which are significantly higher than natural Cordyceps fruiting bodies and worm bodies, and Cordyceps militaris fruiting bodies; The content of amino acids in Bailing Capsules is higher than that in Jinshuibao Capsules, and hydroxyproline was detected in Bailing Capsules and its fermentation broth for the first time.

Polysaccharides are essential components of various organisms and are closely related to various functions of maintaining life. In recent years, Cordyceps polysaccharide has attracted people’s attention due to its effects of improving immunity, strong anti-oxidation, anti-tumor and liver protection. As one of the important active substances of Cordyceps sinensis, polysaccharides should be used as the measurement target for the quality control of fermentation Cordyceps Sinensis Powder. The study found that the polysaccharide content in the fermented Cordyceps fungus powder is high, and the structure and composition are obviously different; the structure and composition of the polysaccharides in the natural Cordyceps are similar, and they are mainly macromolecular components. Neutral and acidic polysaccharides were isolated and purified from Cordyceps fermented mycelia, with relative molecular masses of 2.56×104 and 9.91×104 respectively; , galactobionic acid, xylose, arabinose, and rhamnose, the ratios are 46:36:18:1 and 30:25:14:4:3:3:1; the neutral polysaccharide main chain contains (1→6 ) highly branched glucomannan galactan with glycosidic bonds; the branch point of acidic polysaccharides is mainly at position 3, both of which have a certain protective effect on vero cells damaged by cisplatin; another scholar isolated and purified two A polysaccharide with a relative molecular mass of 1.3×104 and 5.0×103, composed of rhamnose, glucose, galactose, glycerol, and pentaerythritol nitrate, the ratios are: 1:4.46:2.43 and 1:8.07; there are also studies The latter obtains a new polysaccharide by alkaline extraction, which contains a mannose skeleton with (1→4) glycosidic bonds, the branch point is at position 3, and the branch chain consists of glucose (1→4) and two galactoses (1→6) Composition, can scavenge oxygen free radicals, IC50 value is 0.638mg·mL-1. The polysaccharide content of Bailing Capsules was determined to be 45.48% by the sulfuric acid-phenol method; the polysaccharide extracted from the fresh mycelium of Cordyceps sinensis Cs-4 accounted for 8.21% of the dry weight of the mycelium, and the outer membrane polysaccharide accounted for 16.20% of the total polysaccharide , intracellular free polysaccharides and acid-soluble polysaccharides accounted for 13.03%, alkali-soluble polysaccharides accounted for 49.21%, and intracellular structural polysaccharides accounted for 21.56%. Through HPLC analysis, it was found that the polysaccharide components with the largest proportion of polysaccharides in Ningxinbao Capsules had a weight-average relative molecular The quality is 28749-129690, and the polydispersity is 1.12-3.73.